{"id":18594,"date":"2020-04-06T17:10:04","date_gmt":"2020-04-06T15:10:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/secteurs\/fondations-speciales-et-travaux-dinfrastructure\/congelamento-dei-terreni\/"},"modified":"2020-12-01T12:48:54","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T11:48:54","slug":"congelation-de-sol","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/secteurs\/fondations-speciales-et-travaux\/congelation-de-sol\/","title":{"rendered":"Congelation de sol"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='layer_slider_1'  class='avia-layerslider main_color avia-shadow  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  container_wrap sidebar_left' style='  height: 351px; max-width: 1280px; margin: 0 auto;' ><\/div><div id='after_layer_slider_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_left' style=' '  ><div class='container' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-18594'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_layerslider  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><h4 class=\"p1\"><strong>CONGELATION DE SOL<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p class=\"p1\">La technique de cong\u00e9lation du sol a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e afin de <strong>permettre la r\u00e9alisation d&rsquo;interventions souterraines<\/strong> o\u00f9, en raison de la pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;eau souterraine, il serait difficile d&rsquo;op\u00e9rer soit dans le cas d\u2019une <strong>instabilit\u00e9 du massif soit d\u2019un flux important d&rsquo;eau<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">La <strong>diminution contr\u00f4l\u00e9e des temp\u00e9ratures<\/strong> jusqu&rsquo;au point de cong\u00e9lation, ainsi que l&rsquo;augmentation de la r\u00e9sistance du sol, r\u00e9duit ou annule temporairement la perm\u00e9abilit\u00e9, <strong>favorisant la stabilit\u00e9 du massif<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><div  class='av-horizontal-gallery av-horizontal-gallery-large-gap av-horizontal-gallery-enlarge-effect av-horizontal-gallery-1  avia-builder-el-4  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-control-default '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  style='padding: 3.75% 0px;' data-av-enlarge='1.3'  ><div class='avia-slideshow-arrows avia-slideshow-controls'><a href='#prev' class='prev-slide av-horizontal-gallery-prev' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue87c' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'>Pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/a><a href='#next' class='next-slide av-horizontal-gallery-next' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue87d' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'>Suivant <\/a><\/div><div class='av-horizontal-gallery-inner' style='padding-bottom:25%' data-av-height='25'><div class='av-horizontal-gallery-slider'><div class='av-horizontal-gallery-wrap noHover'><img class='av-horizontal-gallery-img' width='1030' height='773' src='https:\/\/www.icop.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/12_Congelamento-3.jpg' title='12_Congelamento (3)' alt='' \/><a href='https:\/\/www.icop.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/12_Congelamento-3.jpg'  class='av-horizontal-gallery-link' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue869' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='12_Congelamento (3)'><\/a><\/div><div class='av-horizontal-gallery-wrap noHover'><img class='av-horizontal-gallery-img' width='1030' height='773' src='https:\/\/www.icop.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/12_Congelamento-1.jpg' title='12_Congelamento (1)' alt='' \/><a href='https:\/\/www.icop.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/12_Congelamento-1.jpg'  class='av-horizontal-gallery-link' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue869' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='12_Congelamento (1)'><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p class=\"p1\">Les applications de la cong\u00e9lation concernent principalement <strong>l&rsquo;excavation de puits<\/strong>, des <strong>ouvertures au niveau de tunnels<\/strong>, la <strong>formation d\u2019\u00e9crans congel\u00e9s dans le sol<\/strong>. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, la zone \u00e0 congeler est instrument\u00e9e d&rsquo;un ensemble de sondes de temp\u00e9rature dont la position est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment connue afin de pouvoir interpr\u00e9ter et maitriser le volume congel\u00e9. La temp\u00e9rature du massif est r\u00e9duite de mani\u00e8re classique et au profit de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 <strong>obtenir une valeur d&rsquo;au moins -10 \u00b0 C<\/strong> \u00e0 une distance de 50 cm du c\u0153ur de la sonde, en la conservant pendant la dur\u00e9e n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 la r\u00e9alisation des travaux.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">La cong\u00e9lation est r\u00e9alis\u00e9e \u00e0 <strong>l&rsquo;aide de syst\u00e8mes r\u00e9frig\u00e9rants dimensionn\u00e9s<\/strong> qui assurent la circulation continue d\u2019un fluide frigoporteur dans un circuit d\u00e9di\u00e9 jusqu\u2019aux sondes pr\u00e9install\u00e9s dans le sol et dont la position est \u00e9galement pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment connue. La cong\u00e9lation peut se faire via un circuit ferm\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une solution \u00e0 base de chlorure de calcium (saumure) refroidie \u00e0 -35 \u00b0C par un groupe frigorifique. Alternativement, mais g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement pour des courtes p\u00e9riodes et uniquement pour l&rsquo;activation de la cong\u00e9lation, on utilise de l&rsquo;<strong>azote liquide<\/strong> introduit dans le circuit et rejet\u00e9 dans l&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re sous forme gazeuse. Sa temp\u00e9rature extr\u00eamement basse (-190 \u00b0 C) produit une mise \u00e0 froid rapide et efficace du sol \u00e0 la suite de quoi la cong\u00e9lation<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>est maintenue avec des groupes frigorifiques.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-8  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img class='avia_image' src='https:\/\/www.icop.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/12_Congelamento-2.jpg' alt='' title='12_Congelamento (2)' height=\"1125\" width=\"2000\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-last  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  style='padding-bottom:10px; color:#172f62;' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h2 custom-color-heading   avia-builder-el-10  el_before_av_masonry_entries  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Fiches des metiers<\/h2><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' style='border-color:#172f62'><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div style='display:none'>18594<\/div><div id='unidea-filter-paesi'><span class='unidea-filter-paesi-all unidea-filter-paesi-active'>Tout<\/span> \/ <span class='unidea-filter-paesi-item ' data-filterpaese='France'>France<\/span> \/ <span class='unidea-filter-paesi-item ' data-filterpaese='Italie'>Italie<\/span><\/div><div id='av-masonry-1' class='av-masonry  noHover av-fixed-size av-large-gap av-hover-overlay-active av-masonry-animation-active av-masonry-col-3 av-caption-always av-caption-style-    '  ><div class='av-masonry-container isotope av-js-disabled ' ><div class='av-masonry-entry isotope-item av-masonry-item-no-image all_sort congelation-de-sol_sort  fondations-speciales-et-travaux_sort  injections-a-base-de-coulis-de-ciment_sort  jet-grouting-fr-fondazioni-opere-speciali-fr_sort  micropiles-fondazioni-opere-speciali-fr_sort  parois-moulees-a-lhydrofraise_sort  pieux_sort  pieux-fores_sort '><\/div><a href=\"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/works\/1319-porte-de-clichy-paris-france\/\" data-settore='Cong\u00e9lation de sol|Fondations sp\u00e9ciales et travaux|Injections a base de coulis de ciment|Jet grouting|Micropiles|Parois moul\u00e9es a l\u2019hydrofraise|Pieux|Pieux Fores' data-paese='France' id='av-masonry-1-item-18929' data-av-masonry-item='18929' class='av-masonry-entry isotope-item post-18929 prodotti type-prodotti status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry settori-congelation-de-sol settori-fondations-speciales-et-travaux settori-injections-a-base-de-coulis-de-ciment settori-jet-grouting-fr-fondazioni-opere-speciali-fr settori-micropiles-fondazioni-opere-speciali-fr settori-parois-moulees-a-lhydrofraise settori-pieux settori-pieux-fores paesi-francia-fr all_sort congelation-de-sol_sort  fondations-speciales-et-travaux_sort  injections-a-base-de-coulis-de-ciment_sort  jet-grouting-fr-fondazioni-opere-speciali-fr_sort  micropiles-fondazioni-opere-speciali-fr_sort  parois-moulees-a-lhydrofraise_sort  pieux_sort  pieux-fores_sort  av-masonry-item-with-image ' title=\"17_PorteDeClichy_COPERTINA 2\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\"  ><div class='av-inner-masonry-sizer'><\/div><figure class='av-inner-masonry main_color'><div class=\"av-masonry-outerimage-container\"><div class=\"av-masonry-image-container\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/www.icop.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/17_PorteDeClichy_COPERTINA-2-705x529.jpg);\" title=\"17_PorteDeClichy_COPERTINA 2\" ><\/div><\/div><figcaption class='av-inner-masonry-content site-background'><div class='av-inner-masonry-content-pos'><div class='av-inner-masonry-content-pos-content'><div class='avia-arrow'><\/div><h3 class='av-masonry-entry-title entry-title '  itemprop=\"headline\" >1319 &#8211; Porte de Clichy &#8211; Paris (France)<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><!--end av-masonry entry--><a href=\"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/works\/9961-metro-de-naples-ligne-6-italie\/\" data-settore='Cong\u00e9lation de sol|Fondations sp\u00e9ciales et travaux|Jet grouting|Parois moul\u00e9es a l\u2019hydrofraise|Pieux Fores' data-paese='Italie' id='av-masonry-1-item-18915' data-av-masonry-item='18915' class='av-masonry-entry isotope-item post-18915 prodotti type-prodotti status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry settori-congelation-de-sol settori-fondations-speciales-et-travaux settori-jet-grouting-fr-fondazioni-opere-speciali-fr settori-parois-moulees-a-lhydrofraise settori-pieux-fores paesi-italie all_sort congelation-de-sol_sort  fondations-speciales-et-travaux_sort  jet-grouting-fr-fondazioni-opere-speciali-fr_sort  parois-moulees-a-lhydrofraise_sort  pieux-fores_sort  av-masonry-item-with-image ' title=\"2_9961_Napoli_COPERTINA\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\"  ><div class='av-inner-masonry-sizer'><\/div><figure class='av-inner-masonry main_color'><div class=\"av-masonry-outerimage-container\"><div class=\"av-masonry-image-container\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/www.icop.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/2_9961_Napoli_COPERTINA-705x698.png);\" title=\"2_9961_Napoli_COPERTINA\" ><\/div><\/div><figcaption class='av-inner-masonry-content site-background'><div class='av-inner-masonry-content-pos'><div class='av-inner-masonry-content-pos-content'><div class='avia-arrow'><\/div><h3 class='av-masonry-entry-title entry-title '  itemprop=\"headline\" >9961 &#8211; M\u00e9tro de Naples &#8211; Ligne 6 (Italie)<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><!--end av-masonry entry--><a href=\"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/works\/1384-clichy-saint-ouen-paris-france\/\" data-settore='Cong\u00e9lation de sol|Fondations sp\u00e9ciales et travaux' data-paese='France' id='av-masonry-1-item-16390' data-av-masonry-item='16390' class='av-masonry-entry isotope-item post-16390 prodotti type-prodotti status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry settori-congelation-de-sol settori-fondations-speciales-et-travaux paesi-francia-fr all_sort congelation-de-sol_sort  fondations-speciales-et-travaux_sort  av-masonry-item-with-image ' title=\"43_ClichySaintOuen_COPERTINA\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\"  ><div class='av-inner-masonry-sizer'><\/div><figure class='av-inner-masonry main_color'><div class=\"av-masonry-outerimage-container\"><div class=\"av-masonry-image-container\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/www.icop.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/43_ClichySaintOuen_COPERTINA-705x376.jpg);\" title=\"43_ClichySaintOuen_COPERTINA\" ><\/div><\/div><figcaption class='av-inner-masonry-content site-background'><div class='av-inner-masonry-content-pos'><div class='av-inner-masonry-content-pos-content'><div class='avia-arrow'><\/div><h3 class='av-masonry-entry-title entry-title '  itemprop=\"headline\" >1384 &#8211; Clichy Saint-Ouen &#8211; Paris (France)<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><!--end av-masonry entry--><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":18570,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18594"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18594"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18594\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18905,"href":"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18594\/revisions\/18905"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icop.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}